In 2020, it has become clear that the ʻnationʼ, as an organising concept, has not disappeared, and that different forms of ʻnationalismʼ have in fact become a mobilising force in countries, such as the United States, China, Great Britain, Hungary, The Netherlands and Denmark. Nationalism can appear in many guises, ranging from processes of cultural and social imagining (eg. Anderson 1991, Billig 1995) to the political discourses of neo-nationalism and
welfare nationalism. Common to all is the representation of ʻthe nationʼ as the single most important source of identification. The rise of nationalism in recent years strains the cosmopolitan vision of a world interconnected and interdependent. Recent examples of cultural and political nationalism straining cosmopolitanism are found in several contexts, including international higher education (eg. Tange/Jæger 2021) and migrant communities (eg. Jenks/Bhatia 2020). While scholars have examined nationalism in specific contexts, continued efforts by politicians to push nation-first policies in different parts of the world require the intercultural communication field to take stock of its theoretical and methodological apparatus. Yet, interculturalists have yet to engage collectively with nationalism in a theoretical and methodological sense.
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